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Household Electricity

Thermomagnetic does not work

Luis300686
hace 6 años
hace 6 años
First question : Talking a little theory about the thermomagnetic (thermal) keys. We know that it takes care of electrical installations due to overheating and short circuit. If we put a thermal of 63 amp. and 1.5 mm cables (we know that it is not the corresponding because the thicker cable would have to go. But it is only an example that I give nothing more) and together with neutral with phase a short circuit would occur and the thermal key, even if it were of 63 amp. It would be triggered because in theory there is talk that when there is a short circuit, the amperage tends to be infinite ... is that so or am I wrong ... Second question : because I tell you this, because I had made an installation for a friend in his house years ago where he had made three circuits with their respective thermal and differential switch .. lighting circuit with 1.5mm cable with its thermal of 10 amp. Tomás circuits of normal uses with 2.5mm cable with its thermal of 15 amp and finally Tomás circuit of special uses with 4 mm cable with its thermal of 20 amp .. but since it was in full construction the work was not finished but the main thing was already .. after time I learned that another electrician came (or if it could be called) to finish the job or put the thermal with their respective circuit but did something wrong, in the lighting circuit put the corresponding thermal We are doing well BUT in the other two circuits of normal use sockets and Tomás of special uses together and put a single thermal of 20 amp. for those two circuits .. totally wrong .. My friend's name is telling me that there was a short circuit between the plugs and the thermal one never jumped, made a blink but never jumped, I went to check his house and first I told him that what the other electrician did was wrong in joining the two normal use circuits and special in a single thermal knowing that each circuit carries its thermal .. that is why the thermal does not jump we made a short purpose to see if the thermal jumped and nothing just blinked .. my big question is why the THERMAL does not jump IF IN A SHORT CIRCUIT THE AMPERAGE TENDS TO BE INFINITY .. I UNDERSTAND THAT IT IS BAD WHAT THE OTHER ELECTRICIAN DID BUT BECAUSE IT DOES NOT JUMP THE THERMAL BY PRODUCING A SHORT CIRCUIT. THE THERMAL GOES WELL BECAUSE we took it out and made a short circuit and it acted but in the circuit where the sockets of normal and special uses are together, it does not jump, it does not act as a type of blinking. It may be that in the meantime the cable confuses the thermal ?????
elektomaq
elektomaq
62.202
hace 6 años
hace 6 años
Hello first answer If you place a thermal of 63 with 1.50 mm2 conductors and a short is produced, the most certain is that the thermal does not get to know about this short although it will depend a lot on the point where the short was generated. It is not the same at 10 cm from the thermal as at 20 meters from it, which if even if it acts, surely the driver will be severely damaged, since it is not only important that he acts, the response time is also essential and This is where the difference lies, a thermal of 63, to act, would do it in a time several times higher than it should to avoid damage to the drivers involved As a personal experience I had a case where they called me, an installation with conductors ranging from 1mm2 to 4mm2 with a single thermal of 63 They had no light and the thermal one never jumped, when I removed the cables I counted 17 short circuits at different points and the main conductor of 4 mm2 ended up melting about 5 meters from the thermal. second answer: The 20A thermal should act with 2.50 conductors without any inconvenience and without having anything to do with the circuits being unified. 20A is the maximum permissible protection for 2.50 mm2 conductors, so if it did not act, the thermal is not working additional response: As I mentioned before, not only the conductor section is important, but also the distance where the short occurs, the resistance 0 does not exist, therefore there is no such thing that the short-circuit current tends to infinity. There is a maximum current and a minimum short-circuit current which are calculated according to the distance from the transformer to the board and from the board to the farthest point of the installation. When the distance between the board and the furthest point of the installation is very excessive, the curve or thermal capacity should be modified in order to preserve the installation since a short at a remote point would take it as an overload instead of short due to the resistance of the conductors comment doubts
Ricardo Ab.
Ricardo Ab.
5.181
hace 6 años

Uffff excellent explanation. Greetings and happy holidays !!!!

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Luis300686
hace 6 años

Thank you very much .. you completely removed my doubt .. happy holidays ????????????

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elektomaq
elektomaq
62.202
hace 6 años

A pleasure to have helped you .... very happy holidays to all

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Ennio Montenegro.
hace 6 años

To complement the excellent explanation of the friend elektomaq, (greetings), your mistake is to assume that in a short circuit the current intensity tends to infinity. In a short circuit, several KA can circulate in the first cycles in a short time. But never tend to infinity, because no matter how close the meter is, you have the power line and transformer that have resistance and reactance.
If the current tended to infinity in a coci, it would be impossible to coordinate protections since all connected protections would operate.

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