This is my opinion: The short answer is that that is of no use to you or that you will have to reform so much that it is not justified.
In any case, it would occur to me to try to connect the panel to the USB by means of a diode in series (the arrow of the diode towards the cell phone) of those that has the thickest charger.
If it were a 12V panel you put one of the chargers that is already made to charge it from a lighter connection of the vehicle.
Regards.
Ric.
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The panel is 6Vdc at the output and the 7805 needs at least 7-8Vdc at its input to work regulating 5Vdc at the output according to the manufacturer.